Grape Types
The Science of the Varietal
"Each grape variety is a genetic code that translates soil and sun into an unrepeatable sensory experience."
1. The Origin of Structure
Grape variety is the fundamental pillar of enology. It defines not only color and flavor but also the wine's longevity and texture. At La Cava Shop, we explore everything from the noble French varieties catalogued by the Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC) to rescued varietals that are redefining today's wine map.
Each variety has a personality of its own. Discovering the nuances between different varieties lets you make informed decisions to enrich your private cellar, choosing highly prestigious labels kept at the perfect temperature for drinking.
2. Classification of Main Grape Varieties
Red Grapes: Anthocyanins and Tannins
They provide the backbone of the wine. The science behind phenolic compounds is detailed by organizations such as the American Society for Enology and Viticulture.
- Cabernet Sauvignon: High tannic concentration and notes of blackcurrant.
- Malbec: Floral character, ripe plum and silkiness.
- Syrah: Spicy, powerful and deep in color.
- Pinot Noir: Ethereal elegance and refreshing acidity.
White Grapes: Acidity and Terpenes
They focus on aromatic purity. The classification of aromatic profiles follows the standards of the WSET.
- Chardonnay: Versatile; from citrus notes to buttery ones.
- Sauvignon Blanc: Herbaceous burst and minerality.
- Riesling: Cutting acidity and evolution toward petrol.
- Albariño: Saline character and Atlantic freshness.
3. Typicity and Terroir
Although a grape has a fixed genetic identity, climate and soil (terroir) can change its expression dramatically. Studies on the soil-vine interaction carried out by the OIV (International Organisation of Vine and Wine) show how temperature and geology alter the synthesis of aromatic precursors in the berry.
This interaction is what allows the same varietal to take on unique mineral, fruity or spicy nuances depending on the appellation it comes from.
4. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is a 'blend' vs a 'varietal' wine?
A varietal is made mainly from a single grape; a blend combines several. To learn more about the history of iconic blends, Decanter offers exhaustive guides to the classic Bordeaux and Rhône blends.
Does the age of the vine influence the grape?
Yes. Old vines produce lower yields but more concentrated grapes. This phenomenon is one of the foundations of the high-end wines analyzed by critics such as Jancis Robinson.
How do I buy selected wines by varietal in Mexico?
At La Cava Shop you can browse our collections by variety (Malbec, Pinot Noir, Albariño and more) and buy online with shipping across Mexico, free shipping from $1,499 MXN and 90 days for free returns.
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